1 Introduction
1.1 Physical and chemical properties
1.2 Toxic effects
1.3 Dioxins sources
1.3.1 Incineration processes
1.3.2 Pyrometallurgiea] processes
1.3.3 Coal fired power generation
1.3.4 Chlorinated-chemical industrial processes
1.3.5 Open burning of electronic waste
1.3.6 Biomass burning
1.3.7 Vehicular emission
1.3.8 Kiln-firing of ball clay
1.4 Concentrations of PGDD/Fs in air
1.5 Transformation of PCDD/Fs
1.5.1 Gas/particle partitioning of PCDD/Fs
1.5.2 The dry/wet deposition of PCDD/Fs
1.5.3 Photolysis
1.5.4 Atmospheric oxidation degradation
1.5.5 Biodegradation
1.6 Conclusion and outlook
References
2 Atmospheric Chemistry of 2,3,7,8-TCDD/F:Mechanism, Kinetics, and QSAR Study
2.1 Computational methods
2.1.1 Geometry optimization
2.1.2 Kinetic calculation
2.1.3 Quantitative structure-activity relationship
2.2 Results and discussion
2.2.1 Reactions with HOx radicals
2.2.2 Reactions with O3
2.2.3 Reactions of TCDD/F and NO3 radical
2.2.4 Reactions of TCDD/F and C1 atom
2.2.5 Relation between rate constants and various oxidizing agents
2.2.6 Atmospheric lifetime
2.3 Conclusions
References
3 Mechanism for OH-initiated Degradation of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins in the Presence of 02 and NO/H20
3.1 Computational methods
3.1.1 Geometry optimization
3.1.2 Direct dynamic calculation
3.2 Results and discussion
3.2.1 The OH-initiated reaction of 2,3,7,8-TeCDD
3.2.2 The reactions with 02 in atmosphere
3.2.3 The reactions of NO
3.2.4 The reactions of H20
3.3 The rate constants and atmospheric lifetimes
References
4 Atmospheric Chemical Reactions of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinated Dibenzofuran Initiated by OH Radical: Mechanism and Kinetics Study
4.1 Computational methods
4.2 Results and discussion
4.2.1 OH-initiated reaction