賈繼東主編的《檢體診斷學(醫學教育改革繫列
教材)(英文版)》為“醫學教育改革繫列教材”（英
文）之一。檢體診斷學是研究診斷疾病的基礎理論、
基本知識、基本技能和診斷思維的一門臨床科學，是
聯繫基礎醫學和臨床醫學的橋梁課程，是臨床各學科
的基礎課，內容包括問診、癥狀學、體格檢查、病歷
書寫、器械檢查以及診斷疾病的步驟、臨床思維。本
教材主要適用於醫學本科生雙語教學和留學生教學。

Introduction
Chapter 1 Interview
1.1 Importance of Interview
1.2 Methods and Skills of Interview
Chapter 2 Fever
2.1 Thermometry and Definition
2.2 Etiology
2.3 Pathophysiology
2.4 Clinical Manifestation
Chapter 3 Mucocutaneous Hemorrhage
3.1 Etiology and Mechanisms
3.2 Clinical Manifestation
3.3 Laboratory Evaluation
Chapter 4 Edema
4.1 Mechanism
4.2 Clinical Manifestation
4.3 Differential Diagnosis
4.4 Diagnosis Approach
Chapter 5 Cough and Expectoration
5.1 Etiology
5.2 Mechanisms
5.3 Clinical Findings
5.4 Accompanied Symptoms
Chapter 6 Hemoptysis
6.1 Etiology
6.2 Clinical Findings
6.3 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 7 Chest Pain
7.1 Etiology
7.2 Mechanism
7.3 Clinical Manifestation
7.4 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 8 Cyanosis
8.1 Pathogenesis
8.2 Etiology
8.3 Clinical Manifestations
8.4 Accompanied Symptoms
8.5 Differential Diagnosis
8.6 Approach to Patient
Chapter 9 Dyspnea
9.1 Pathophysiology
9.2 Etiology
9.3 Evaluation
9.4 Accompanied Symptoms
9.5 How to Ask the Patients
Chapter 10 Palpitation
10.1 Etiology
10.2 Pathophysiology
10.3 Clinical Manifestation and Evaluation
10.4 Diagnosis
Chapter 11 Nausea and Vomiting
11.1 Mechanisms
11.2 Causes
11.3 Assessment
11.4 Therapy
Chapter 12 Haematemesis
12.1 Etiology
12.2 Clinical Manifestation
12.3 Complications
12.4 Diagnosis
12.5 Treatments
Chapter 13 Hematochezia
13.1 Definition
13.2 Etiology
13.3 Clinical Manifestation
13.4 Common Diagnostic Test
Chapter 14 Abdominal Pain
14.1 Etiology
14.2 Pathophysiology
14.3 Clinical Manifestation
Chapter 15 Diarrhea
15.1 Etiology
15.2 Pathophysiology
15.3 Clinical Manifestation
15.4 Evaluation
Chapter 16 Constipation
16.1 Pathogenesis and Risk Factors
16.2 Associated Conditions and Medications
16.3 Diagnosis
Chapter 17 Jaundice
17.1 Bilirubin Metabolism
17.2 Classification
17.3 Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Manifestation
Chapter 18 Back Pain
18.1 Etiology
18.2 Pathophysiology
18.3 Clinical Manifestation and Evaluation
18.4 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 19 Arthralgia
19.1 Etiology
19.2 Pathophysiology
19.3 Clinical Manifestation and Evaluation
19.4 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 20 Hematuria
20.1 Etiology
20.2 Pathophysiology
20.3 Clinical Manifestations and Evaluation
20.4 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 21 Frequent Micturition, Urgent Micturition, Odynuria
21.1 Etiology and Pathophysiology
21.2 Approaches to Patient
21.3 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 22 Oliguria, Anuria and Polyuria
22.1 Etiology and Pathophysiology
22.2 Approaches to the Patients
22.3 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 23 Headache
23.1 Etiology
23.2 Mechanism
23.3 Clinical Manifestation
23.4 Differential Diagnosis
23.5 Evaluation
Chapter 24 Vertigo
24.1 Etiology
24.2 Pathophysiology
24.3 Clinical Manifestations and Evaluation
24.4 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 25 Syncope
25.1 Etiology
25.2 Pathophysiology
25.3 Clinical Manifestation
25.4 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 26 Seizures
26.1 Definition
26.2 Etiology
26.3 Pathophysiology
26.4 Clinical Manifestation
Chapter 27 Disturbance of Consciousness
27.1 Mechanism
27.2 Etiology
27.3 Clinical Manifestation
27.4 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 28 The Basic Procedures
28.1 The Goal of the Physical Examination
28.2 Preparation for the Examination
28.3 The Five Principles of Physical Examination
Chapter 29 General Examination
29.1 General Information
29.2 Skin
29.3 Lymph Nodes
Chapter 30 The Head
30.1 Hair and Scalp
30.2 Skull
30.3 Face and Its Organs
Chapter 31 The Neck
31.1 The Contour and Areas of the Neck
31.2 The Posture and Movement of the Neck
31.3 The Neck Skin and Mass
31.4 The Blood Vessels of the Neck
31.5 The Thyroid Gland
31.6 The Trachea
Chapter 32 Lung and Heart
32.1 Physical Examination of the Lung
32.2 Heart
32.3 Blood Vessels
Chapter 33 Abdominal Examination
33.1 Inspection
33.2 Auscultation
33.3 Percussion
33.4 Palpation
Chapter 34 Anus, Rectum and Genitalia
34.1 The Rectum and Anus
34.2 Male Genitalia
34.3 The Female Genitalia and Reproductive System
Chapter 35 Spine and Extremities
35.1 Spine
35.2 Extremities and Joints
Chapter 36 Principles of Neurologic Examination
36.1 General Principles of Neurologic Examination
36.2 Neurologic Examination
Chapter 37 Medical Records
37.1 The Basic Requirement of Medical Records
37.2 Forms and Contents of the Medical Records
Chapter 38 Electrocardiogram
38.1 Fundamental Principles
38.2 Electrocardiographic Lead Systems
38.3 The Normal Electrocardiogram
38.4 The Abnormal Electrocardiogram
Chapter 39 Other Electrocardiology Testing
39.1 Exercise Electrocardiogram
39.2 Holter Monitor
Chapter 40 Pulmonary Function and Blood Gas Analysis
40.1 Pulmonary Function
40.2 Arterial Blood Gases (ABG)
Chapter 41 Endoscopy
41.1 Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
41.2 Lower Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
41.3 Fiberbronehoscopy
Chapter 42 Clinical Reasoning
42.1 Obtain and Filter Information
42.2 Formulate an Initial Small Set of Hypotheses
42.3 Obtain Additional Information Directed by Initial Hypotheses
42.4 Use Reasoning Methods to Process the Information in the Clinical Context of the Case
42.5 Perform an Analysis of Hypotheses by Probabilistic and Cause-effect Means
42.6 Formulate a Final Diagnosis
42.7 Test the Final Diagnosis
Color Figures