了得網工業技術_英漢化工設計施工圖解詞彙(精)

1工藝及公用工程Process and Utilities1
1.1工藝流程圖圖例說明Process Flow Diagram/Legent Identification1
1.1.1物料代號Line Service（Fluid）Identification1
1.1.2在儀表符號中字母標志的意義Meanings of Identification Letters in Instrument Symbols2
1.1.3管道圖例Piping Symbols3
1.1.4繪圖示例——氨庫裝置Illustrative Drawing—Ammonia Storage Facility5
1.2工藝裝置典型工藝流程圖Typical Process Unit Flow Diagram6
1.2.1煉廠流程框圖，潤滑油型Refining Block Diagram，Lube Type6
1.2.2煉化一體化流程框圖，煉油部分Refining Chemical Complex Block Diagram，Refining Part7
1.2.3煉化一體化流程框圖,化工部分Refining Chemical Complex Block Diagram，Chemical Part9
1.2.4合成氨裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Ammonia Plant11
1.2.5尿素裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Urea Plant13
1.2.6乙烯裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram For Ethylene Plant15
1.2.7線性低密度聚乙烯裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for LLDPE Plant16
1.2.8管式法低密度聚乙烯/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for L-Tubular DPE/EVA Plant17
1.2.9聚丙烯裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Polypropylene Plant18
1.2.10聚氯乙烯裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for PVC （Polyvinyl Chloride） Plant20
1.2.11環氧乙烷/乙二醇裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Ethylene Oxide/Ethylene Glycol Plant21
1.2.12合成氣制乙二醇裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Syngas to Ethylene Glycol Plant23
1.2.13天然氣液化裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Natural Gas Liquefaction Plant25
1.2.14液化天然氣接收站工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Rec Conveyor145
4.16.6.2弔掛式鏈輸送機部件Unit of Chain Trolley Conveyor145
4.16.6.3振動輸送機Vibrating Conveyor147
4.16.7氣力輸送機繫統Pneumatic Conveying System147
4.16.7.1正壓氣力輸送繫統Pressure Pneumatic Conveying System147
4.16.7.2負壓氣力輸送繫統Vacuum Pneumatic Conveying System147
4.16.7.3正負壓相結合的繫統Pressure with Vacuum Pneumatic Conveying System148
4.16.7.4封閉環形氣力輸送繫統Closed Pneumatic Conveying System148
4.16.7.5密相氣力輸送繫統Dense Phase Pneumatic Conveying System148
4.16.7.6稀相氣力輸送繫統Dilute Phase Pneumatic Conveying System149
4.17破碎和篩分設備Crushing and Screening Equipment149
4.17.1顎式衝擊破碎機Impact Jaw Crusher149
4.17.2顎式破碎機Jaw Crusher150
4.17.3回轉球形破碎機Gyrasphere Crusher151
4.17.4盤式回轉破碎機Tray Type Gyratory Crusher152
4.17.5液壓錐形破碎機和衝擊破碎機（葉片破碎機）Hydraulic Cone Crusher and Impact Crusher（Impeller Breaker）154
4.17.6輥子粉碎機Roller Mill 155
4.17.7雙軸錘式破碎機Double Shaft Hammer Mill 156
4.17.8磨機Mill 157
4.17.8.1球磨機Ball Mill 158
4.17.8.2中速磨Medium Speed Mill 158
4.17.8.3風扇磨Fan Mill 158
4.17.9干燥粉磨機Dryer-Pulveriser159
4.17.10返混設備布置Layout of Back Mixing Equipment160
4.17.11振動篩Vibrating Screen161
4.17.11.1往復式振動篩Reciprocating Vibrating Screen161
4.17.11.2圓振篩Round Separator162
4.17.12分級機Classifiers163
4.18料倉、料鬥與閥門Storage Bin,Hopper and Valve164
4.18.1筒倉Silo164
4.18.2重力式摻混倉Gravity Blending Silo164
4.18.3料鬥與溜槽Hopper and Chute165
4.18.4氣動粉體插板閥Pneumatic Slide Valve165
4.18.5手動粉體插板閥Manual Slide Valve166
4.18.6粉體重力換向閥Gravity Flow Diverter166
4.18.7氣動翻板換向閥Pneumatic Flap Diverter167
4.18.8氣動轉子換向閥Pneumatic Rotary Diverter168
4.18.9粉體旋轉給料閥Rotary （Feeder） Valve168
4.19給料、稱重、包裝及碼垛設備Feeding, Weighing, Bagging and Palletizing Machine169
4.19.1振動給料機Vibrating Feeder169
4.19.2電振動給料機Electric Vibrating Feeder170
4.19.3板式給料機Apron Feeder170
4.19.4（粉末）均勻自動給料機Smooth Auto-Feeder171
4.19.5帶式計量秤Dosing Belt Weigher172
4.19.6定量給料秤Constant Feed Weigher173
4.19.7失重式給料機Loss-in-Weight Feeder173
4.19.8自動裝袋繫統Auto Bagging System173
4.19.9自動碼垛繫統Automatic Palletizing System174
4.19.10托盤式纏繞機Pallet Stretch Wrapping Machine175
4.19.11熱縮膜垛盤打包機Shrink Packing System175
4.20倉儲設備Storage Equipment176
4.20.1堆取料機Stacker and Reclaimer176
4.20.1.1鬥輪堆取料機Bucket Wheel Stacker and Reclaimer176
4.20.1.2圓形堆場堆取料機Stacker and Reclaimer for Circular Store176
4.20.1.3側式懸臂堆料機Stacker for Longitudinal Store177
4.20.1.4門式取料機Portal Reclaimer177
4.20.2火車裝車機Train Carriage Loader178
4.21LNG成套設備LNG Package Equipment178
4.21.1裝卸臂Loading（Unloading）Arm178
4.21.2裝車撬Truck Loading Skid179
4.21.3裝車臂Truck Loading Arm179
4.21.4浸沒燃燒式氣化器Submerged Combustion Vaporizer180
4.22造粒機Granulator180
4.22.1鋼帶造粒機Steel Belt Granulator180
4.22.2轉筒造粒機Rotating Drum Granulator181

5蒸汽動力繫統Steam and Power System182
5.1鍋爐Boiler182
5.1.1燃煤鍋爐Coal Fired Boiler182
5.1.1.1火管鍋爐及水管鍋爐的基本形式Basic Patterns for Fire and Water Tube Boiler182
5.1.1.2橢圓管板換熱器Ellipsoidal Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger183
5.1.1.3水冷管夾套換熱器Cooling Tubes and Jacket Heat Exchanger184
5.1.1.4蒸汽淨化及鍋筒內件Steam Purification and Drum Internals185
5.1.1.5過熱器Superheater190
5.1.1.6減溫器Attemperator191
5.1.1.7空氣預熱器Air Preheater192
5.1.1.8爐排Grates193
5.1.1.9下飼爐排Underfeed Stoker194
5.1.1.10省煤器Economizer195
5.1.1.11噴燃器，燃燒器Burners196
5.1.1.12拋煤機Spreader Feeders198
5.1.1.13磨煤機Pulverizers199
5.1.2燃油（氣）鍋爐Oil-Fired Boiler and Gas-Fired Boiler200
5.1.2.1燃油（氣）鍋爐的結構Configure of Oil-Fired Boiler and Gas-Fired Boiler200
5.1.2.2燃油蒸汽鍋爐繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Oil-Fired Steam Boiler System200
5.1.2.3燃氣蒸汽鍋爐繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Gas-Fired Steam Boiler System201
5.1.3循環流化床鍋爐Circulation Fluidized Bed Boiler202
5.1.4特種鍋爐Special Boiler202
5.1.5熱回收設備Heat Recovery Equipment203
5.1.5.1廢液焚燒爐Waste Liquid Incinerator203
5.1.5.2餘熱鍋爐Waste Heat Boiler204
5.1.5.3垃圾焚燒爐Garbage Incinerator205
5.1.5.4垃圾焚燒發電廠工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Garbage Incineration Power Plant206
5.2汽輪機Steam Turbine207
5.2.1汽輪機循環Steam Turbine Cycles207
5.2.2衝動式汽輪機Impulse Turbine208
5.2.3單級汽輪機Single Stage Steam Turbine209
5.2.4汽輪機軸封Turbine Glands and Gland Sealings210
5.2.5超速脫扣裝置（保安器）Overspeed Tripping Device211
5.2.6汽輪機的潤滑Lubrication of Steam Turbine212
5.2.7汽輪機供汽方式Methods of Steam Supply to a Turbine213
5.2.8汽輪機調速器Turbine Governor214
5.2.9汽輪機調速器及調速Governors and Governing of Steam Turbine216
5.2.10汽輪機的安裝Installation of Steam Turbine218
5.3燃氣輪機Gas Turbine219
5.3.1燃氣輪機結構Constitution of Gas Turbine219
5.3.2燃氣輪機發電機組Gas Turbine Power Plant219
5.3.3燃氣輪機簡單循環發電廠Gas Turbine Simple Cycle Power Plant220
5.3.4燃氣輪機-蒸汽輪機聯合循環發電廠Gas Turbine-Steam Turbine Combined Cycle Power Plant221

6設備Equipment222
6.1設備設計常用術語Terms and Definitions222
6.1.1一般術語General Terms222
6.1.2設備類型術語 Types of Equipment222
6.1.3壓力容器分類術語Classification for Categories of Pressure Vessels222
6.2塔Column223
6.2.1板式塔Plate Column223
6.2.1.1液流型式Liquid-Flow Patterns225
6.2.1.2塔盤型式Types of Trays226
6.2.1.3塔盤的支承Supports of Tray233
6.2.1.4塔底結構及重（再）沸器Bottom Structures and Reboiler234
6.2.1.5進料和抽出Feed and Draw-off235
6.2.2填料塔Packed Column237
6.2.2.1填料型式Types of Packing239
6.2.2.2液體分布器和再分布器Liquid Distributors and Redistributors241
6.2.2.3填料壓板和支承板Packing Hold-Down Plates and Support Plates243
6.2.3樓梯（梯子）和平臺Stair and Platform244
6.2.4塔附件Tower Attachments245
6.2.5塔結構示例Column Examples249
6.2.5.1CO2吸收塔CO2 Absorber249
6.2.5.2再生塔/CO2汽提塔Regenerator/CO2 Stripper250
6.3反應設備Reactor251
6.3.1氨合成塔Ammonia Converter251
6.3.2尿素合成塔Urea Reactor253
6.3.3環管反應器Loop Reactor255
6.3.4氧氯化反應器Oxychlorination Reactor256
6.3.5聚合釜Polymerizer257
6.3.6隔膜電解槽Diaphragm Cells258
6.3.7變換爐Shift Converter259
6.4造粒設備Prilling Equipment260
6.4.1（造粒塔）總圖及造粒噴頭組裝圖General Assembly and Prill-Spray Assembly260
6.4.2造粒塔扒料機Prill Tower Reclaimer261
6.5換熱設備Heat Exchanger263
6.5.1換熱器的類型Types of Heat Exchangers263
6.5.2管殼式換熱器Tubular Heat Exchanger266
6.5.3套管式換熱器和刮面式換熱器Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger and Scraped-Surface Exchanger277
6.5.4套管式縱向翅片換熱器Double Pipe Longitudinal Finned Exchanger278
6.5.5板式換熱器Plate Exchangers279
6.5.6蒸汽表面冷凝器，凝汽器Steam Surface Condensers280
6.5.7蒸發器Evaporators281
6.5.8空冷器、空氣冷卻器Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers282
6.6儲罐Storage Tanks288
6.6.1儲罐類型Types of Storage Tanks288
6.6.2固定頂儲罐Fixed-Roof Tanks289
6.6.2.1儲罐零部件名稱Nomenclature of Tank Parts289
6.6.2.2罐頂結構Roof Structure292
6.6.3內浮頂罐Internal Floating Roof Tank295
6.6.4外浮頂罐External Floating Roof Tank296
6.6.4.1外浮頂罐零部件名稱Nomenclature of External Floating Roof Tank Parts296
6.6.4.2外浮頂型式External Floating Roof Types298
6.6.4.3外浮頂罐的密封型式Seal Types of External Floating Roof Tank300
6.6.5球形儲罐及其他低壓大型儲罐Spherical Tanks and Other Large Low-Pressure Storage Tanks301
6.6.6低溫儲罐Refrigerated Storage Tanks302
6.7襯裡設備Lining Equipment303
6.7.1橡膠襯裡設備Rubber Lining Equipment303
6.7.2搪玻璃設備Glass-Lined Equipment304
6.7.3襯磚設備Brick Lining Equipment306
6.8非金屬設備Non-metal Equipment307
6.8.1石墨設備Graphite Equipment307
6.8.1.1石墨設備的類型Type of Graphite Equipment307
6.8.1.2石墨設備零件名稱Components Nomenclature of Graphite Equipment308
6.8.2玻璃鋼設備FRP（Fibre Reinforce Plastics）Equipment309
6.8.2.1玻璃鋼設備的類型Type of FRP Equipment309
6.8.2.2玻璃鋼管連接型式Type of FRP Pipe Joint309
6.9混合設備Mixing Equipment310
6.9.1攪拌器型式Types of Agitator310
6.9.2混合（攪拌）槽Mixing Tanks312
6.9.3管道混合器Line Mixers （Flow Mixers）313
6.9.4靜止混合器Static Mixers314
6.9.5雙螺杆連續混合機Double Screw Continuous Mixer315
6.9.6膏狀物料及黏性物料混（拌）合設備Paste and Viscous-Material Mixing Equipments316
6.9.7固體混合機械Solids Mixing Machines318
6.10萃取器Extractors319
6.10.1浸提設備Leaching Equipments319
6.10.2連續萃取設備，連續抽提設備 Continuous Contact （Differential Contact）Equipments320
6.11旋風分離器、澄清器、過濾器和離心機Cyclone,Decanter,Filter and Centrifuger322
6.11.1旋風分離器Cyclone Separators322
6.11.2沉降罐、澄清器Gravity Settlers （Decanters）325
6.11.3氣體洗滌器Gas Scrubbers326
6.11.4過濾機Filters328
6.11.4.1壓濾機Pressure Filters328
6.11.4.2葉濾機Pressure Leaf Filters329
6.11.4.3袋式過濾器Bag Filers330
6.11.4.4轉鼓真空過濾機Rotary-Drum Vacuum Filter331
6.11.5離心式分離機Centrifugal Separator332
6.11.5.1離心機Centrifuges332
6.11.5.2雙鼓真空離心過濾機Double-Bowl Vacuum Centrifuge334
6.11.5.3靜止葉片型離心式分離器Stationary Vane Type Centrifugal Separators335
6.12干燥器Dryers336
6.12.1直接干燥器Direct Dryers336
6.12.2間接干燥器Indirect Dryers338
6.12.3噴霧干燥器Spray Dryers339
6.12.3.1噴霧干燥裝置Spray Dryer Installation339
6.12.3.2霧化噴頭、噴霧嘴、霧化器Spray Nozzles（Atomizers）340
6.12.4氣流（氣動）輸送干燥器Pneumatic Conveyor Dryers341
6.13其他靜設備及部件Other Equipments and Components342
6.13.1石油煉制中的流化過程Fluidization Processes in Petroleum Refinery342
6.13.1.1流態化Fluidization343
6.13.1.2流化床分布器Distributors for Fluidized Bed344
6.13.2殼體和封頭Shells and Heads345
6.13.3破沫器Demister348
6.13.3.1破沫器及其應用Demister and Its Applications348
6.13.3.2破沫網的安裝和纖維除霧氣Installation of Mesh and Fiber Mist Eliminator349
6.13.4設備支座Supports of Equipments350
6.13.5密封型式Types of Seal352
6.13.6非圓形截面容器Vessels of Noncircular Cross Section353
6.13.7其他容器及零部件名稱Nomenclature of Other Vessels and Components355
6.14耐火襯裡結構Refractory Lining Constructions358
6.14.1陶瓷纖維襯裡結構Ceramic Fiber Lining Construction358
6.14.1.1陶瓷纖維毯結構Ceramic Fiber Blanket Layered Construction358
6.14.1.2陶瓷纖維模塊結構Ceramic Fiber Modular Construction359
6.14.2磚爐襯結構Fire Brick Lining Construction360
6.14.3澆注料爐襯結構Castable Lining Construction362
6.15爐用零部件Furnace Components362
6.15.1爐管、管件及聯箱（集合管）Tubes,Fitting and Header（Manifold）362
6.15.2燃燒器（燒嘴）和附屬設備Burners and Accesseries364
6.15.3管板及管架Tube Sheet and Tube Supports365
6.15.4其他爐用附件Furnace Accessories366
6.16爐型及結構Types and Structure of Furnace368
6.16.1管式加熱爐Tubular Heater368
6.16.2典型加熱爐結構Typical Structure of Heater370
6.16.3轉化爐Reformers371
6.16.3.1一段轉化爐/轉化爐Primary Reformer371
6.16.3.2二段轉化爐Secondary Reformer373
6.16.3.3換熱式轉化爐Reforming Exchanger374
6.16.4裂解爐Cracking Furnace 375
6.16.5氣化爐Gasifier376
6.16.5.1粉煤加壓氣化爐Pulverized-coal Pressurized Gasifier376
6.16.5.2水煤漿氣化爐Coal-water Slurry Gasifier 377
6.16.5.3加壓固定床煤氣化爐Pressurized Fixed-bed Coal Gasifier 378
6.16.5.4流化床煤氣化爐Fluidized-bed Coal Gasifier379
6.16.6餘熱回收和廢熱鍋爐Waste Heat Recovery and Waste Heat Boiler380
6.16.6.1餘熱回收Waste Heat Recovery380
6.16.6.2CO燃燒廢熱鍋爐CO Firing Waste Heat Boiler381
6.16.6.3**廢熱鍋爐Primary Waste Heat Boiler382
6.16.6.4第二廢熱鍋爐Secondary Waste Heat Boiler383
6.16.7熱載體加熱爐Heat Carrier Heater384
6.16.7.1熱載體加熱爐繫統Heat Carrier Heater System384
6.16.7.2水（油）浴爐Water（Oil）Bath Heater384
6.16.7.3熱載體加熱爐Heat Carrier Heater385

7轉動機器Rotary Machine386
7.1泵Pump386
7.1.1各種形式的泵Various Types of Pumps386
7.1.2離心泵Centrifugal Pump391
7.1.3軸流泵Axial Flow Pump395
7.1.4管道泵Inline Pump396
7.1.5混流泵Mixed Flow Pump397
7.1.6斜流泵Diagonal Flow Pump398
7.1.7螺杆泵Screw Pump399
7.1.7.1單螺杆泵Progressive Cavity Pump399
7.1.7.2雙螺杆泵Twin Screw Pump400
7.1.7.3三螺杆泵Three-Spindle Screw Pump400
7.1.8計量泵 Metering Pump401
7.1.9真空泵 Vacuum Pump402
7.1.9.1水環真空泵Liquid Ring Vacuum Pump402
7.1.9.2旋片式真空泵Vane Vacuum Pump402
7.1.9.3往復式真空泵Piston Vacuum Pump404
7.1.10氣動隔膜泵 Air Operated Pump405
7.1.11往復泵Reciprocating Pump406
7.1.11.1活塞式往復泵Reciprocating Piston Pump406
7.1.11.2雙作用蒸汽往復泵Duplex Acting Steam-Driven Reciprocating Pump406
7.1.11.3雙作用活塞式往復泵（皮碗式） Double Action Reciprocating Pump（Bucket Type）407
7.1.12噴射泵Jet Pumps409
7.1.13噴射裝置Ejector Units410
7.1.14皮托管泵Pitot Tube Pump412
7.2壓縮機、鼓風機和風機Compressors，Blowers and Fans412
7.2.1螺杆壓縮機Screw Compressor412
7.2.1.1無油螺杆壓縮機Dry Screw Compressor412
7.2.1.2噴油螺杆壓縮機Oil-injected Screw Compressor413
7.2.2往復式壓縮機Reciprocating Compressor414
7.2.2.1活塞式壓縮機Piston Compressor416
7.2.2.2迷宮式壓縮機Labyrinth Compressor417
7.2.2.3隔膜式壓縮機Diaphragm Compressor418
7.2.3低密度聚乙烯（超）高壓壓縮機High Pressure Compressor for Low Density Polythylene Process419
7.2.3.1高壓氣缸和中心型組合閥High-Pressure Cylinder and Central Valve421
7.2.3.2卸荷閥及其他閥Unloading Valve and Other Valves422
7.2.4離心壓縮機Centrifugal Compressor424
7.2.4.1高速壓縮機High Speed Compressor424
7.2.4.2水平剖分式離心壓縮機Horizontally Split Centrifugal Compressor425
7.2.4.3徑向剖分式離心壓縮機Radially Split Centrifugal Compressor426
7.2.4.4整體齒輪式壓縮機Integrally Geared Centrifugal Compressor427
7.2.4.5軸流壓縮機Axial-flow Compressor428
7.2.5鼓風機Blowers428
7.2.6風機Fans430
7.2.7典型的空氣壓縮機裝置Typical Air Compressor Unit432
7.3攪拌器Mixer433
7.4驅動機Driver434
7.4.1蒸汽輪機Steam Turbine434
7.4.2蒸汽輪機的分類與結構Classification and Structure of Steam Turbines435
7.4.3液力透平Hydraulic Turbine438
7.4.4燃氣輪機Gas Turbine438
7.4.5煙氣輪機Flue Gas Turbine439
7.4.6膨脹機/再壓縮機Expander/Compressor439
7.4.7柴油機Diesel Engine440
7.5轉動設備輔機Rotating Equipment Auxiliaries441
7.5.1液力耦合器Fluid Coupling441
7.5.2齒輪箱Gear441
7.5.3透平冷凝繫統Turbine Condensing System442

8管道工程Piping Engineering443
8.1設備及管道布置Equipment and Piping Layout443
8.1.1設備布置Equipment Layout443
8.1.2管道布置圖，配管圖Piping Layout Drawing444
8.1.2.1管道平面布置Piping Plan Layout444
8.1.2.2立面圖Section Drawing445
8.1.2.3管道布置——裝置配管Piping Layout—Installation Piping446
8.1.3管道組裝圖（軸測圖，管段圖）Erection Diagram（Pipe Line Isometric Diagram）447
8.1.4伴熱及夾套Tracing Lines and Jacket448
8.1.4.1蒸汽伴熱管Steam Tracing Lines448
8.1.4.2熱水伴熱管Hot Water Tracing Lines449
8.1.4.3夾套管Jacket Lines449
8.1.4.4電伴熱Electric Heat Tracing450
8.1.5急救衝洗和洗眼站Safety Shower and Eyewash Station451
8.2管道材料Piping Material452
8.2.1管子，彎管Pipe，Pipe Bends452
8.2.2管件Pipe Fitting453
8.2.2.1鋼焊接管件Steel-Welding Fittings453
8.2.2.2螺紋管件Threaded Fittings454
8.2.2.3支管臺與承插管件Outlet and Socket Welding Fittings455
8.2.2.4法蘭管件Flanged Fittings456
8.2.2.5塑料壓接管接頭Plastics Compression Joints457
8.2.3法蘭、法蘭密封面Flanges,Flange Facings458
8.2.4管螺紋Pipe Threaded459
8.2.5墊片Gasket460
8.2.6管道用緊固件Piping Fastener461
8.2.7閥門Valve461
8.2.7.1閥杆與閥蓋結構Valve Stem aneiving Terminal27
1.2.15MTO裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Methanol to Olefin（MTO） 29
1.2.16MTP工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Methanol to Propylene30
1.2.17丙烷脫氫裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Propane Dehydrogenation (PDH) Plant31
1.2.18煤氣化工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Coal Gasification32
1.2.19煤制油工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Coal to Oil Plant34
1.2.20煤制甲醇工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Coal to Methanol36
1.2.21低溫甲醇洗工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Rectisol37
1.2.22精對苯二甲酸裝置（PTA）工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for PTA Plant38
1.2.23苯乙烯/環氧丙烷（SM/PO）裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for SM/PO Plant38
1.2.24聚醚多元醇裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Polyether Polyol Plant39
1.3公用工程典型工藝流程圖Typical Utility Flow Diagram40
1.3.1空分空壓裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Air Separation Unit and Compressed Air “Station”40
1.3.1.1深冷空分裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Cryogenic Air Separation Unit40
1.3.1.2變壓吸附制氮裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for PSA Nitrogen Generation Unit42
1.3.1.3真空變壓吸附制氧裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for VPSA Oxygen Generation Unit42
1.3.1.4膜分離制氮裝置工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Membrane Module Nitrogen Generation Unit42
1.3.1.5空壓站工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Compressed Air Station43
1.3.2循環冷卻水工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Recirculating Cooling Water System43
1.3.3淨水場工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Raw Water Tread Bonnet Structure461
8.2.7.2閥門Valves463
8.2.7.3閘閥Gate Valve471
8.2.7.4波紋管密封閘閥Bellows Sealed Gate Valve473
8.2.7.5截止閥Globe Valve474
8.2.7.6止回閥Check Valve475
8.2.7.7球閥Ball Valve476
8.2.7.8旋塞閥Plug Valve477
8.2.7.9蝶閥Butterfly Valve478
8.2.7.10彈簧安全洩壓閥Spring Safety-Relief Valve480
8.2.7.11液面控制浮球閥Pilot Operated Ball Float Valve481
8.2.7.12閥門操縱機構Valve Operating Mechanisms482
8.2.7.13蒸汽疏水閥（器）和空氣疏水閥（器）Steam Traps and Air Traps484
8.2.7.14熱膨脹閥Thermo Expansion Valve486
8.2.8管道特殊件Pipe Specialty487
8.2.8.1過濾器,阻火器Strainer ,Flame Arrester487
8.2.8.2分離器，消聲器，取樣冷卻器Separator，Silencer,Sample Cooler488
8.2.8.3視鏡Sight Glass489
8.2.9管道特殊元件Pipe Special Element490
8.2.10填料Packings491
8.2.11管子端部連接End Connection in Tubing and Pipe492
8.3管道機械Piping Mechanics493
8.3.1金屬軟管Metal Flexible Hose493
8.3.2金屬補償器（膨脹節）Metal Expansion Joint493
8.3.2.1填函式伸縮節Packed Slip Expansion Joint493
8.3.2.2波紋補償器（膨脹節）Bellows Expansion Joint494
8.3.3管道支弔架Pipe Hangers and Pipe Supports495
8.3.3.1管道支架Pipe Supports495
8.3.3.2管道弔架Pipe Hangers496
8.3.3.3彈簧架Spring Supports497
8.3.3.4管架零部件Attachments of Piping Supports497
8.4地下管道Underground Piping498
8.4.1地下管平面布置圖Underground Piping Arrangement Drawing498
8.4.1.1地下管道圖例Underground Piping Legend498
8.4.1.2地下管道管線代號Underground Pipe Line Code499
8.4.2地下管常見附屬設施及構築物Common Facility and Structure of U/G Piping499
8.5*熱Insulation500
8.5.1管道*熱Piping Insulation500
8.5.2立式容器的外部隔熱External Thermal Insulation for Vertical Vessel502
8.6工程圖常用縮寫詞（按字母順序排列）Abbreviations for Use on Drawing（in Alphabetical Order）503
8.7防腐Anticorrosion518
8.7.1內防護Internal Anticorrosive Coating518
8.7.2三層聚乙烯塗層Three Layer Polyethylene Coating519
8.7.3表面處理Surface Preparation Vocabulary520
8.7.4塗料Paint520
8.7.5腐蝕Corrosion521
8.7.6其他常用詞彙Others521
8.8管道應力分析Piping Stress Analysis522
8.8.1應變Strain522
8.8.2應力Stress523
8.8.3管道應力Piping Stress due to Forces and Moments524
8.8.4管道應力分析Piping Stress Analysis525
8.8.5管道應力分析輸入條件Input of Piping Stress Analysis526
8.8.6管道柔性Piping Flexibility527
8.8.7管道動態效應Dynamic Effects on Piping527
8.8.8疲勞曲線Fatigue Curves528
8.9三維模型3D Model528
8.9.1三維管道設計軟件專用詞彙Vocabulary for 3D Piping Design Software528
8.9.1.1Smart Plant 3D管道模型分層管理詞彙Hierarchical Management Vocabulary for Smart Plant 3D Piping Model528
8.9.1.2PDMS模型分層管理詞彙Hierarchical Management Vocabulary for PDMS Model529
8.9.1.3PDMS數據庫類型詞彙Database Type Vocabulary for PDMS529
8.9.1.4PDS模塊Module for PDMS530
8.9.1.5建立設備模板Create Equipment Template530
8.9.1.6建立基本體Create Primitives531
8.9.2Smart Plant Review 軟件專用詞彙Specific Vocabulary for Smart Plant Review531
8.9.2.1按鈕Button531
8.9.2.2菜單Menu533

9工業自動化儀表Process Measurement and Control Instrument537
9.1溫度計Thermometer537
9.1.1測溫元件Thermometer Element537
9.1.2溫度變送器Temperature Transmitter539
9.1.3輻射高溫計Radiation Pyrometer540
9.1.4雙金屬溫度計Bimetal Thermometer541
9.1.5光學高溫計Radiation Pyrometer542
9.2壓力測量儀表Pressure Instruments543
9.2.1電接點壓力表和壓力開關Pressure Gauge with Electric Contact and Pressure Switch543
9.2.2壓力表Pressure Gauge544
9.2.3壓力變送器Pressure Transmitter546
9.2.4基地式壓力指示調節器Field Installed Type of Pressure Indicating and Controller547
9.2.5壓力表的安裝Installation of Pressure Gage548
9.3流量儀表Flow Meter549
9.3.1科氏力質量流量計Coriolis Mass Flow Meters549
9.3.2一次流量元件Primary Flow Element550
9.3.3流量測量用差壓變送器Difference Pressure Transmitter for Flow Measurement552
9.3.4流速式流量計Fluid Velocity Meter553
9.3.4.1旋渦流量計Vortex Flow Meter553
9.3.4.2渦輪流量計Turbine Meter554
9.3.5容積式流量計Positive Displacement Type Flow Meters555
9.3.6可變面積式流量計Variable Area Type Flow Meters557
9.3.7電磁流量計Electro-magnetic Flow Meters558
9.3.7.1電磁流量計及測量原理Electro-magnetic Flow Meters and Principle of Measurement558
9.3.7.2電磁流量計電極Electro-magnetic Flow Meters Electrode559
9.3.7.3電磁流量計變送器Electro-magnetic Flow Meters Transmitter559
9.3.8熱式質量流量計Thermal Mass Flow Meters560
9.3.9差壓流量計的安裝Installation of Head Meters561
9.4液位測量儀表Level Meter563
9.4.1直讀式就地液位指示儀Locally Mounted Direct Reading Level Gages563
9.4.2液位測量用差壓變送器Difference Pressure Transmitter for Liquid Level Measurement564
9.4.3浮筒式液位計Displacement Type Level Meter565
9.4.4伽馬射線液位計Gamma Radiometric Level Meter566
9.4.5雷達液位計Radar Level Meter567
9.4.6伺服液位計Servo Level Gauge569
9.4.7液位調節器及液位開關Level Controllers and Switches570
9.4.8氣動液位調節器Pneumatic Liquid Level Controller571
9.5過程分析儀表Process Analyzer572
9.5.1過程氣相色譜儀Process Gas Chromatograph572
9.5.2非色散紅外線氣體分析儀Non-dispersive Infra-red Gas Analyzer(NDIR)573
9.5.3氧分析器Oxygen Analyzer573
9.5.3.1氧化鋯分析儀Zirconium Oxide Oxygen Analyzer573
9.5.3.2順磁式氧分析儀Paramagnetic Oxygen Analyzer574
9.5.3.3電化學式氧分析儀Electrochemical Oxygen Analyzer574
9.5.3.4溶解氧分析儀Dissolved Oxygen Analyzer574
9.5.4熱導式分析儀Thermal Conductivity Analyzer575
9.5.5pH分析儀pH Analyzer575
9.5.6電導儀Conductivity Analyzer575
9.6控制閥Control Valve576
9.6.1氣動執行機構Pneumatic Actuator577
9.6.2電動執行機構Electric Actuator577
9.6.3控制閥型式Control Valve Type578
9.6.3.1直通單座控制閥Single-Ported Globe Control Valve578
9.6.3.2直通雙座控制閥Double-Ported Globe Control Valve578
9.6.3.3角形控制閥Angle Control Valve579
9.6.3.4三通控制閥Three-Way Control Valve579
9.6.3.5控制蝶閥Butterfly Control Valve579
9.6.3.6偏心旋轉控制閥Rotary Control Valve580
9.6.3.7V形控制球閥V-Ball Control Valve580
9.6.3.8控制球閥Ball Control Valve580
9.6.4控制閥上閥蓋Control Valve Bonnet581
9.6.4.1波紋管密封型上閥蓋Bonnet with Guardian Bellows Seal581
9.6.4.2低溫型上閥蓋Cryogenic Bonnet581
9.6.5自力式調節閥Self-Operated Regulator582
9.6.5.1自力式溫度調節閥Temperature Regulator582
9.6.5.2自力式流量調節閥Flow Regulator582
9.6.5.3自力式差壓調節閥Differential Pressure Regulator583
9.6.5.4自力式壓力調節閥Pressure Regulator583
9.6.6控制閥附件Control Valve Accessory584
9.6.6.1電/氣轉換器 I/P Converter (E/P Converter)584
9.6.6.2電/氣閥門定位器I/P Positioner584
9.6.6.3 數字式閥門定位器Digital Positioner585
9.6.6.4現場總線式閥門定位器Fieldbus Positioner585
9.6.6.5限位開關Limit Switch586
9.6.6.6電磁閥Solenoid Valve587
9.6.6.7閥位變送器Position Transmitter587
9.6.6.8氣鎖閥Pneumatic Lock-up Valve588
9.6.6.9空氣過濾減壓器Air Pressure Reducing Station588
9.6.6.10一體化過濾減壓閥Integrated Filter Regulator589
9.6.6.11氣動放大器（增速繼動器）Pneumatic Volume Booster(Booster Relay)589
9.6.6.12快速排放閥Quick Exhaust Valve 590
9.6.6.13止回閥Check Valve590
9.6.7安全洩壓閥Safety Relief Valve591
9.6.7.1彈簧式安全洩壓閥Spring Loaded Safety Relief Valve591
9.6.7.2帶導閥的安全洩壓閥Pilot Operated Safety Relief Valve592
9.6.8爆破片Burst Disc592
9.7盤裝儀表Panel Mounting Instrument593
9.7.1安全柵Safety Barriers593
9.7.1.1用於變送器的安全柵Safety Barriers for Transmitter593
9.7.1.2用於數字 (開關)輸入的安全柵Safety Barriers for Digital(Switch)Inputs593
9.7.1.3用於數字 (開關)輸出的安全柵Safety Barriers for Digital(Switch)Outputs594
9.7.2隔離器Isolator594
9.7.2.1用於變送器和控制器的隔離器Isolator for Transmitter and Controller594
9.7.2.2用於電磁閥/報警驅動器的隔離器Isolator for Solenoid/Alarm Driver594
9.7.2.3用於開關/趨近檢測器的隔離器Isolator for Switch/Proximity Detector595
9.8特殊儀表Special Instrument595
9.8.1速度傳感器Speed Sensor 595
9.8.2軸位移變送器Transmitter for Thrust Position595
9.8.3稱重繫統Weighing System596
9.8.3.1負荷傳感器Load Cells596
9.8.3.2稱重繫統Weighing System596
9.9火災自動報警繫統Automatic Fire Alarm System597
9.9.1火災自動報警繫統Automatic Fire Alarm System597
9.9.2火災報警控制盤Fire Alarm Control Panel598
9.9.3激光感煙探測器Laser Smoke Detector599
9.10工業電視監視繫統Industry Television Surveillance System600
9.10.1工業電視監視繫統Industry TV Surveillance System600
9.10.2矩陣控制器Matrix Switcher601
9.11數字控制繫統Digital Control System602
9.11.1分散控制繫統Distributed Control System602
9.11.2現場總線控制繫統Fieldbus Control System (FCS)603
9.11.3工廠資源管理繫統Plant Resource Management System(PMR)604
9.11.4可編程控制器Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)604
9.11.5緊急停車繫統Emergency Shutdown System (ESD)605
9.12儀表盤,櫃和操作臺Instrument Panels, Cabinets and Consoles606

10電氣工程Electrical Engineering608
10.1旋轉電機Electrical Rotating Machine608
10.1.1直流電動機Direct-Current Motor608
10.1.2直流發電機Direct-Current Generator609
10.1.3AC換向電機AC Commutator Machine610
10.1.4同步電動機的無刷勵磁Brushless Excitation of Synchronous Motor610
10.1.5交流電動機Alternating-Current Motor611
10.1.6滑環式感應電動機Slip-Ring Type Induction Motor612
10.1.7無刷同步電動機Brushless Synchronous Motor614
10.1.8線槽和繞組Slots and Windings615
10.1.9柴油發電機組Diesel Generator Set616
10.1.9.1柴油發電機組側視圖Diesel Generator Set Side View616
10.1.9.2就地控制屏Local Control Panel 616
10.1.9.3柴油機左前視圖Diesel Engine Front and Left Side View617
10.1.9.4柴油機右後視圖Diesel Engine Rear and Right Side View617
10.1.9.5發電機Power Generator618
10.2變壓器Transformer619
10.2.1油浸式變壓器Oil Immersed Transformer619
10.2.1.1油浸式變壓器正視圖Oil Immersed Transformer Front View619
10.2.1.2油浸式變壓器側視圖Oil Immersed Transformer Side View620
10.2.1.3油浸式變壓器外視圖Oil Immersed Transformer Exterior621
10.2.2油浸式密閉變壓器Sealed Oil Immersed Transformer622
10.2.3樹脂*緣干式變壓器Cast Resin Transformer623
10.2.4箱式變電站Transformer Substation624
10.3整流器和電池Rectifier and Battery625
10.3.1整流器Rectifier625
10.3.2原電池Primary Batteries626
10.3.3閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池Stationary Lead Acid Valve Regulated Sealed Batteries629
10.3.4交流不間斷電源AC Uninterrupted Power Supply630
10.3.5直流不間斷電源DC Uninterrupted Power Supply631
10.4高中壓開關裝置High and Middle Voltage Switchgear631
10.4.1110kV六氟化硫氣體封閉式組合電器110kV SF6 Gas-Insulated Switchgear631
10.4.2110kV空氣*緣高壓組合電器110kV Prefabricated Air Insulated Switchgear632
10.4.3中壓六氟化硫氣體*緣開關裝置Medium Voltage SF6 Gas-Insulated Switchgear632
10.4.4金屬封閉式開關裝置Metal-Enclosed Switchgear633
10.4.5中壓金屬鎧裝開關裝置Middle Voltage Metal-Clad Switchgear634
10.4.6環網櫃Ring Switchgear635
10.4.6.1六氟化硫氣體*緣環網櫃SF6 Gas Insulated Ring Switchgear635
10.4.6.2金屬封閉環網櫃Metal Clad Ring Switchgear636
10.4.7高壓戶外六氟化硫斷路器High Voltage Outdoor SF6 Circuit Breakers636
10.4.8中壓六氟化硫斷路器Medium Voltage SF6 Circuit Breakers637
10.4.9戶內真空斷路器Indoor Vacuum Circuit Breaker638
10.4.10避雷器Lightning Arrester638
10.4.11真空接觸器Vacuum Contactor639
10.4.12高壓熔斷器HV Fuses640
10.4.12.1高壓管式熔斷器HV Fuse Tubes640
10.4.12.2高壓跌開式熔斷器HV Falling Type Fuse640
10.4.13補償電容器成套裝置 Compensation Capacitors Cabinet641
10.4.14操動機構Operating Device641
10.4.14.1直動操動機構DirectOperating Device641
10.4.14.2轉向操動機構Swivel Operating Device642
10.4.14.3彈簧儲能操動機構Spring-Stored Energy Operating Device642
10.5低壓開關裝置Low Voltage Switchgear643
10.5.1低壓開關櫃Low Voltage Switchgear643
10.5.2框架式空氣斷路器Air Circuit Breaker644
10.5.2.1框架式空氣斷路器前面板Air Circuit Breaker Front Face644
10.5.2.2框架式空氣斷路器分解圖Air Circuit Breaker Explode Drawing645
10.5.3低壓熔斷器LV Fuses646
10.5.3.1螺旋式熔斷器Screw Base Fuse646
10.5.3.2無填料封閉管式熔斷器Sealed Tube Fuse without Filling646
10.5.3.3有填料快速熔斷器Filled Fast Fuse647
10.5.3.4插入式熔斷器Plug-in Fuse647
10.5.4微型斷路器及附件Miniature Circuit Breaker and Accessories648
10.5.4.1微型斷路器附件Miniature Circuit Breaker Accessories648
10.5.4.2微型斷路器Miniature Circuit Breaker649
10.5.5塑殼斷路器Moulded Case Circuit Breaker649
10.5.5.1塑殼斷路器Moulded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB)649
10.5.5.2塑殼斷路器模塊化繫統MCCB Modularized System650
10.5.6真空負荷開關Vacuum Load Switch651
10.5.7控制開關Control Switch652
10.5.7.1按鈕開關Pushbutton Switches653
10.5.7.2凸輪旋轉開關Cam Switches654
10.5.8變頻調速裝置Variable Velocity Variable Frequency Device655
10.5.9電動機啟動器Motor Starter656
10.5.9.1手動啟動器Manual Starter656
10.5.9.2自動啟動器Automatic Starter656
10.6控制及保護器件Control and Protection Devices657
10.6.1電磁機構和器件Electromagnetic Mechanism and Devices657
10.6.2電磁繼電器Electromagnetic Relays658
10.6.3固態繼電器Solid State Relays659
10.7電氣防爆設備Explosion Protected Apparatus660
10.7.1防爆安裝單元Explosion Protected Installation Control Units660
10.7.2防爆照明燈具 Explosion Protected Luminaries661
10.7.3防爆控制設備Explosion Protected Control Equipment662
10.8供電繫統Power Supply System662
10.8.1預裝式變電所Electrical House（E-HOUSE）662
10.8.2熱電廠Thermal Power Plant663
10.8.3變電所屋內配電裝置Indoor Installations of Electric Substation664
10.8.4節能發電廠Energy Saving Power Plant665
10.8.5鐵塔及電杆Towers and Poles667
10.8.6靜電除塵器Electrostatic Precipitator668
10.9電線、電纜及附件Wires, Cables and Accessories669
10.9.1電纜、電線結構Wire and Cables Structure669
10.9.1.1一般結構General Structure669
10.9.1.2防火/阻燃電纜結構Fire-Proof/Flame Retardant Cable Structure669
10.9.1.3鋁絞線/鋼芯鋁絞線結構Al Twisted Wire/ ACSR Wire669
10.9.2電纜、電線產品Wire and Cables Products670
10.9.3電纜附件Accessories for Cables671
10.9.3.145kV以下中、低壓電纜附件Up to 45kV Accessories for Low and Medium Voltage Cables671
10.9.3.2高壓電纜附件Accessories for High Voltage Cables672
10.9.3.3電纜梯架Cable Ladder673
10.10燈泡Lamps674
10.11電伴熱繫統Electrical Heat Tracing System675
10.11.1電伴熱產品Electrical Heat Tracing Products675
10.11.1.1自調控電伴熱帶Self-Regulating Heat Tracing Cable675
10.11.1.2限功率伴熱帶Power Limiting Heat Tracing Cable675
10.11.1.3並聯恆功率伴熱帶Parallel Constant Watt Cable675
10.11.1.4串聯恆功率伴熱帶Series Constant Watt Cable676
10.11.1.5礦物*緣伴熱帶Mineral Insulated Cable676
10.11.1.6罐和容器的加熱板Tank and Vessel Heating Panel676
10.11.1.7倉鬥伴熱板Hopper Heating Module677
10.11.2典型電伴熱繫統Typical Heat Tracing System677
10.11.3電伴熱控制和監測Heat Tracing Control and Monitoring678
10.12陰極保護Cathodic Protection679
10.12.1陰極保護測試站和接線箱Cathodic Protection Test Stations and Junction Box679
10.12.2長效參比電極Permanent Reference Cell679
10.12.3陽極Anodes680
10.12.4填料Backfill681
10.12.5整流器Rectifier681
10.12.6*緣材料Insulation Material682
10.12.7接地電池Grounding Cells682
10.12.8陰極保護繫統Cathodic Protection Systems683
10.12.8.1深陽極繫統Deep Anode System683
10.12.8.2水罐繫統Water Storage Tank System683
10.12.8.3地上儲罐罐底保護Protection for Above Ground Storage Tank Bottoms684
10.12.8.4地下儲罐保護Protection for Underground Storage Tanks684
10.13接地防雷繫統Grounding and Lightning System685
10.13.1接地產品Grounding Products685
10.13.2典型防雷繫統Typical Lightning System686
10.14監測控制和數據采集Supervise Control and Data Acqutment Plant44
1.3.4儲運繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Storage and Transportation System44
1.3.5離子交換除鹽水繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Demineralized Water System （Ion Exchanger System） 45
1.3.6污水處理工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Waste Water Treatment System47
1.3.7含鹽廢水處理裝置流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Salty Waste Water Treatment Unit49
1.3.8濃鹽水蒸發繫統流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Brine Water Evaporation System51
1.3.9濃鹽水結晶繫統流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Brine Water Crystallization System51
1.3.10反滲透除鹽水工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Demineralized Water System （Reverse Osmosis System） 52
1.3.11鍋爐房繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Boiler House53
1.3.11.1鍋爐房給水繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Feed Water System of Boiler House53
1.3.11.2鍋爐房鍋爐給水繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Boiler Feed Water System of Boiler House54
1.3.11.3鍋爐房鍋爐燃燒繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Boiler Combustion System of Boiler House55
1.3.12熱電站繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Thermal and Power Station56
1.3.12.1熱電站汽機繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Steam Turbine System of Thermal and Power Station56
1.3.12.2汽輪機空冷繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Steam Turbine Air-Cooling Steam Condenser System57
1.3.12.3熱電站鍋爐繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Boiler System of Thermal and Power Station58
1.3.12.4熱電站鍋爐燃燒繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Boileiring(SCADA)687
10.15通信繫統Telecommunication System688
10.15.1用戶電話交換機PABX688
10.15.2結構化布線繫統Structured Cabling System689
10.15.3擴音對講繫統Paging System690
10.15.4有線電視繫統Cable TV System690

11實驗室Laboratory691
11.1實驗室常用儀器General Apparatus and Instruments691
11.1.1玻璃器皿Glassware691
11.1.2實驗室主要分析儀器General Laboratory Equipment691
11.2化學試劑和藥品Chemicals and Reagents692
11.2.1無機試劑Inorganic Reagent692
11.2.2有機試劑Organic Reagent693
11.2.3指示劑Indicator694
11.3實驗室常用詞彙Laboratory Vocabulary694
11.4主要分析儀器示例圖Legend for Main Laboratory Equipment695
11.4.1分析天平Analytical Balance695
11.4.2電極Electrode695
11.4.2.1玻璃電極Glass Electrode695
11.4.2.2甘汞電極Calomel Electrode696
11.4.3色譜儀類Chromatography696
11.4.3.1氣相色譜法原理圖Gas Chromatograph Schematic Diagram696
11.4.3.2氣相色譜儀外觀圖Gas Chromatograph Outline697
11.4.3.3氣相色譜進樣模式Gas Chromatograph Injection Mode697
11.4.3.4液相色譜示意圖Liquid Chromatograph Schematic Diagram698
11.4.4光譜類儀器Spectrometric Instruments698
11.4.4.1紫外-可見分光光度計光路圖UV-Visible Spectrophotometer Optical Schematic Diagram698
11.4.4.2傅立葉變換紅外光譜儀原理圖Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer Schematic Diagram699
11.4.4.3原子吸收分光光度計示意圖Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Schematic Diagram699
11.4.5電化學類儀器Electrochemistry Instruments700
11.4.5.1卡爾費休水分滴定儀Karl Fisher Auto Titrator700
11.4.5.2卡爾費休水分滴定儀原理圖Karl Fisher Auto Titrator Schematic Diagram700
11.4.5.3pH計pH Meter701
11.4.6水質分析儀器Apparatus for Water Analysis701
11.4.6.1生物耗氧量測定儀Apparatus for Biological Oxygen Command Determination701
11.4.6.2化學耗氧量測定儀Apparatus for Chemical Oxygen Command Determination702

12土建工程Civil Engineering703
12.1建築Architectural703
12.1.1平面圖、立面圖、剖面圖Plan,Elevation and Section703
12.1.2樓梯、電梯Staircase and Lift704
12.1.3衛生間Toilet704
12.1.4門的形式Type of Doors705
12.1.5窗的形式Type of Windows706
12.1.6窗的組成Components of Windows706
12.1.7屋頂的形式Type of Roofs707
12.1.8鋼結構廠房Steel Structure House708
12.1.9鋼結構廠房節點Detail of Steel Structure House709
12.1.10薄殼屋頂Shell Roofs711
12.2結構Construction712
12.2.1設計條件Design Information712
12.2.2材料Material713
12.2.2.1混凝土Concrete713
12.2.2.2鋼筋Reinforcement713
12.2.2.3結構鋼Structural Steel713
12.2.3荷載條件Load Condition714
12.2.3.1幾何圖形Geometry714
12.2.3.2荷載種類Type of Loads714
12.2.3.3施加載荷Imposed Loads714
12.2.4結構計算Structure Calculation715
12.2.4.1受力及受力條件Force and Application715
12.2.4.2參數Parameter715
12.2.4.3支承、變形和穩定Support, Deformation and Stability716
12.2.4.4框架Frames716
12.2.5土壤與基礎Soil and Foundation717
12.2.5.1土壤符號Symbols for Soil 717
12.2.5.2土層剖面圖Subsoil Profile717
12.2.5.3基礎類型Type of Foundation718
12.2.5.4基礎剖面Section of Foundation718
12.2.5.5樁的形式Type of Pile719
12.2.5.6設備基礎Foundation for Equipment720
12.2.5.7大型設備的錨固Anchorage of Heavy Machine721
12.2.6多層工業廠房Multistory Industrial Buildings723
12.2.7鋼筋混凝土結構Reinforced Concrete Construction724
12.2.8工業構築物Industrial Structures724
12.2.8.1煙囪的形式Types of Chimneys724
12.2.8.2管支架Pipe Supports725
12.2.8.3排氣筒Vent Stacks726
12.2.8.4水塔的形式Types of Water Towers727
12.2.8.5冷卻塔Cooling Tower727
12.2.8.6通廊和棧橋Galleries and Trestles728
12.2.8.7筒倉和儲鬥Silos and Bunkers728
12.2.8.8低溫液化氣體儲罐Tank for the Storage of Refrigerated Liquefied Gases729
12.2.9鋼結構Steel Construction730
12.2.9.1鋼構件的連接Connection of Steel Members731
12.2.9.2鋼結構連接詳圖Structural Steel Connection Details732
12.2.9.3鋼欄杆Steel Balustrade733
12.2.9.4鋼扶梯和爬梯Steel Stairs and Ladders734
12.3暖通Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning735
12.3.1采暖繫統與散熱器Heating System and Radiator735
12.3.1.1散熱器Radiator735
12.3.1.2暖風機Unit Heater736
12.3.1.3自動及手動排氣閥Automatic and Manual Air Vent-Valve737
12.3.1.4熱水分/集水器和蒸汽分汽缸Supply/Return Header for Hot Water and Supply Header for Steam738
12.3.1.5開式膨脹水箱Open Type Expansion Tank739
12.3.2通風與空調設備Ventilation and Air Conditioning Equipment740
12.3.2.1離心風機及減震臺座Centrifugal Fan and Shock Absorption Support740
12.3.2.2軸流風機Axial Fan741
12.3.2.3混流風機Mixed Flow Fan741
12.3.2.4屋頂風機Roof Fan742
12.3.2.5風機箱Cabinet Fan743
12.3.2.6組合式空氣處理機Modular Air Handling Unit744
12.3.2.7整體式水冷空調機Water-Cooled Packaged Air Conditioner745
12.3.2.8分體式風冷空調機Air-Cooled Split Air Conditioner746
12.3.2.9屋頂式空調機Roof Air Conditioning Unit747
12.3.3空調制冷與末端設備Refrigerating and Terminal Equipment747
12.3.3.1離心式冷水機組Centrifugal-Type Water Chiller747
12.3.3.2直燃式溴化鋰吸收式冷水機組Direct-Fired Lithium-Bromide Absorption Water Chiller748
12.3.3.3蒸汽型溴化鋰吸收式制冷機Steam Type Lithium-Bromide Absorption Water Chiller749
12.3.3.4熱水型溴化鋰吸收式制冷機Hot Water Type Lithium-Bromide Absorption Water Chiller749
12.3.3.5螺杆式冷水機組Screw-Type Water Chiller750
12.3.3.6新風淨化機組Fresh Air Unit751
12.3.3.7多聯機空調VRV System751
12.3.3.8新風換氣機Fresh-Air Exchanger752
12.3.3.9風機盤管Fan Coil752
12.3.4通風管道及部件Duct and Fitments753
12.3.4.1風管Duct753
12.3.4.2風管彎頭Elbow for Duct753
12.3.4.3風管三通Tee for Duct754
12.3.4.4風管異徑Reducer for Duct755
12.3.4.5手動對開多葉調節閥Manual Opposed Multi-Blade Regulating Damper755
12.3.4.6手柄式蝶閥Hand Grip Type Butterfly Damper756
12.3.4.7拉鏈式蝶閥Dragline Type Butterfly Damper756
12.3.4.8風管止回閥Check Damper757
12.3.4.9變風量文丘裡閥Variable Air Volume Venturi Valve758
12.3.4.10抗爆閥Blast Valve758
12.3.4.11通風空調繫統送回風口Supply Air Outlet and Return Air Intake for Ventilation and Air Conditioning System759
12.3.4.12防火閥Fire Damper761
12.3.4.13排氣罩Exhaust Hood761
12.3.4.14風管支弔架Bracket Support and Hanger Frame for Duct762
12.3.4.15風管保溫Insulation of Duct762
12.3.4.16管式消聲器Cell Type Attenuator763
12.3.4.17片式消聲器Plate Type Attenuator763
12.4總圖運輸General Plot Plan and Transportation764
12.4.1總圖General Plot plan764
12.4.1.1總圖Overall Plot Plan764
12.4.1.2風玫瑰Wind Rose765
12.4.1.3地形圖Topographic Map765
12.4.2道路Road766
12.4.2.1城市型道路City Road766
12.4.2.2公路型道路Highway766
12.4.2.3道路結構Road Structure767
12.4.3鐵路Railway768
12.4.4廠區豎向Plant Vertical Arrangement768
12.4.5土方工程Earth Work769
12.4.6綠化Greening769
12.4.7其他構築物Other Structure770
12.4.7.1護坡Slope Protection770
12.4.7.2急流槽Chute770
12.4.7.3跌水Drop Water770
12.4.7.4擋土牆Retaining Wall771
12.4.7.5涵洞Culvert771

13焊接Welding772
13.1焊接符號Welding Symbols772
13.2金屬焊接Welding of Metals773
13.3保護式電弧焊原理Principles of Shielded Arc Welding775
13.4焊接位置、接頭形式及焊接形式Welding Positions,Types of Joints and Welding776
13.5坡口Grooves777
13.6坡口詳圖Detail of Grooves778
13.7填角焊、角焊Fillet Weldng779
13.8焊接缺陷Defects of Welding780
13.9焊接方法及設備Type of Welding and Welding Machine781
13.9.1自動埋弧焊Automatic Submerged Arc Welding781
13.9.2金屬極氣體保護焊焊*Electrode Guns of Gas Metal-Arc Welding782
13.9.3氣體保護電弧焊Gas-Shielded Arc Welding783
13.9.4金屬極惰性氣體保護焊Gas Metal-Arc Welding784
13.9.5普通電渣焊Conventional Electroslag Welding785
13.9.6熔嘴電渣焊Electroslag Welding by Consumable Guide Tube786
13.9.7電氣焊Electrogas Welding787
13.9.8管狀焊絲電弧焊Flux-Cored Arc Welding789
13.9.9氣焊設備Gas Welding Equipment790
13.9.10移動式乙炔發生器Portable Acetylene Generators791
13.9.11乙炔發生器的基本形式Basic Types of Acetylene Generators792
13.10塑料焊接Welding of Plastics793
13.11焊接術語Welding Term795
13.12熔焊術語Fusion Welding Term795
13.13钎焊術語Soldering Term795
13.14焊接材料術語Welding Material Term795

14無損檢驗Non-destructive Testing796
14.1無損檢驗方法Non-destructive Testing Method796
14.2無損檢驗設備Non-destructive Testing Apparatus798
14.2.1探孔鏡及顯微鏡Borescope and Microscope798
14.2.2X射線發生器及其線路X-Ray Tube and Its Circuit799
14.2.3射線照相及電子照相Photoradiography and Electroradiography800
14.2.4輕便X射線機及透度計Mobile X-Ray Unit and Penetrometer801
14.2.5超聲波探傷方法及探頭Ultrasonic Test Methods and Search Units802
14.2.6超聲波發射探頭及接收探頭Ultrasonic Transducer and Refraction803
14.2.7配管焊縫的超聲波探傷Ultrasonic Testing of Weld in Piping804
14.2.8成套式滲透探傷儀Self-Contained Penetrant Inspection Unit805
14.3磁化法Methods of Magnetization806
14.4超聲波檢測術語Ultrasonic Testing Term806
14.5射線檢測術語Radiation Testing Term807
14.6滲透檢測術語Penetrant Testing Term807
14.7磁粉表面檢測術語Magnetization Surface Testing Term807
14.8渦流檢測術語Eddy Current Testing Term807

15施工設備和工具Construction Equipment and Tool808
15.1起重機械Hoisting Machinery808
15.1.1麻繩、繩結、弔索和弔具Hemp Ropes，Knots，Sling and Hardware808
15.1.1.1麻繩和繩結Hemp Ropes and Knots808
15.1.1.2弔索Sling809
15.1.1.3弔具Hardware811
15.1.2起重機構造與弔車手語Crane Structure and Sign Language815
15.1.3各類起重機Types of Crane817
15.1.4手動葫蘆和千斤頂Manual Hoist and Lifting Jack818
15.1.5電動弔籃Electromotion Basket820
15.1.6手動弔籃Manual Operation Basket821
15.1.7液壓汽車起重機Hydraulic Pressure Mobile Cranes822
15.1.8塔弔Tower Crane824
15.1.9橋式起重機Overhead Crane824
15.1.10門式起重機Gantry Crane825
15.1.11手動式屋面移動弔機Manual Operating Roof Suspension Hoist Machine825
15.1.12電動式屋面移動弔機Electrocution Roof Suspension Hoist Machine825
15.1.13叉車和附屬配件Forklift and Accessory826
15.2工具Tools827
15.2.1木工工具Wood Working Tools827
15.2.2扳手Wrenches828
15.2.3活扳手及管鉗Adjustable Wrenches and Pipe Wrenches830
15.2.4鉗和剪鉗Pliers and Nippers831
15.2.5刀具的柄部、套節及套筒Shakes, Sockets and Sleeves832
15.2.6絲錐Taps833
15.2.7鉸刀Reamers834
15.2.8麻花鑽Twist Drills835
15.2.9檢測規Inspection Gages836
15.2.10量具Measuring Tools837
15.3混凝土攪拌設備Concrete Mixer Equipment838
15.3.1工業用攪拌機Industrial Mixer838
15.3.2現場用攪拌機On-site Mixer839
15.3.3混凝土用車Concrete Mixer Trucks839
15.3.4預攪拌混凝土站Ready-mix Concrete Batch Plant840
15.3.5商品混凝土攪拌站Commodity Concrete Mixing Station841
15.3.6汽車式混凝土攪拌運輸車Concrete Truck Mixer842
15.4土方設備Earthwork Equipment843
15.4.1挖掘機Excavator843
15.4.2推土機Bulldozer845
15.4.3裝載機Loader846
15.4.4挖掘裝載機（兩頭忙）Backhoe847
15.4.5平地機Grader848
15.4.6滑移轉向裝載機（機器貓）Skid Steer Loader（Bobcat）848
15.5地基處理機械Foundation Treatment Machinery849
15.5.1步履式打樁機Walking Piling Rig849
15.5.2螺旋鑽打樁機Auger Piling Rig850
15.5.3碾壓機Compactor Rollers851
15.5.4水平定向鑽孔機Horizontal Directional Drilling Machinery853
15.5.5鑽機Drilling Machine854
15.5.6強夯機械Rammer Machinery856
15.6高處作業平臺和工程車輛Height Platform and Construction Vehicle857
15.6.1叉車和附屬配件Forklift and Attachments857
15.6.2混凝土泵車Concrete Boom Truck858
15.6.3液壓升降平臺Hydraulic Pressure Lift Platform859
15.6.4升降車Man Lift860
15.6.5工程車輛Construction Vehicle862
15.6.5.1公路型運輸車On-highway Trucks862
15.6.5.2越野型運輸車Off-highway Trucks864
15.6.5.3拖車Trailer864
15.7滑模施工Slipform Construction865
15.8大模板爬模施工Large Formwork Climbing Construction868
15.9鋼筋加工機械Process Machinery for Steel Bar869
15.9.1鋼筋切斷器Steel Bar Cutter869
15.9.2鋼筋撥絲機Steel Bar Stretcher871
15.9.3鋼筋調直機Steel Bar Straightening Machines874
15.9.4鋼筋彎曲機Steel Bar Bender875
15.9.5鋼筋籠滾焊機Rotary Welding Machinery for Steel Cage877
15.9.6數控鋼筋切鋸套絲機NC Thread Machinery for Steel Sawing878
15.9.7數控鋼筋彎曲機CNC Rebar Bending Machinery878
15.10腳手架Scaffolding879
15.10.1腳手架構件Scaffolding Component879
15.10.2腳手架形式Types of Scaffolding882
15.11測繪Surveying884
15.11.1經緯儀Theodolite884
15.11.2光電測距儀Photoelectricity Rangefinder885
15.11.3水準儀Optical Level886
15.11.4全站儀Total Station887
15.11.5其他測繪工具Other Surveying Tools887

索引889r Combustion System of Thermal and Power Station58
1.3.12.5氨法煙氣脫硫工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Flue Gas Desulfurization （FGD） System （Ammonia）59
1.3.12.6石灰石/石灰-石膏法煙氣脫硫工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Flue Gas Desulfurization （FGD） System （Limestone/Lime-Gypsum） 60
1.3.12.7煙氣脫硝SCR繫統流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Flue Gas Selective Catalytic Reduction （SCR） Denitrification System60
1.3.12.8尿素SNCR脫硝繫統流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Flue Gas Urea Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction （SNCR） Denitrification System61
1.3.12.9餘熱ORC發電繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Waste Heat Organic Rankiee Cycle （ORC） Power Generation System62
1.3.13物料處理繫統典型工藝流程圖Typical Process Flow Diagram for Material Handling System62
1.3.13.1破碎篩分繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Crushing and Screening System62
1.3.13.2添加劑計量繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Additive Metering System63
1.3.13.3擠壓造粒繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Extrusion Pelletizing System63
1.3.13.4摻混及儲存繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Blending and Storing System64
1.3.13.5包裝碼垛繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Packing and Palletizing System64
1.3.13.6煤儲運繫統工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Coal Storage and Transport System65
1.3.13.7磨煤干燥裝置（CMD）工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram for Coal Milling and Drying System66
1.4工藝流程模擬計算Process Flowsheet Simulation67
1.4.1工藝流程圖Process Flowsheet67
1.4.2熱力學模型Thermodynamic Model68
1.4.3模型修正Model Modify69
1.4.4用戶輸入User Input70
1.4.5石油餾分數據Petroleum Component Data71
1.4.6蒸餾塔Distillation Column72
1.4.7尺寸設計和校核Sizing and Rating73
1.4.8收斂數據Convergence Data74
1.4.9優化Optimization75
1.4.10流程收斂Flowsheet Convergence76
1.4.11用戶定義User Interface77
1.4.12結果彙總Result Summary78
1.4.13設置選項Setup Option79
1.4.14用戶定制模擬程序Customizing Simulation Engine80
1.4.15塔內件Column Internals81
1.4.16負荷性能圖Hydraulic Plots82
1.4.17流動場分析Computational Fluid Dynamics83

2環境保護Environmental Protection84
2.1化工企業排放的主要污染物Pollutants Discharged by Chemical Industrial Enterprise84
2.1.1廢氣污染物Waste Gas Pollutants84
2.1.2廢水污染物Waste Water Pollutants84
2.1.3固體廢棄物Waste Solid 85
2.1.4其他Others85
2.2環境質量Environmental Quality85
2.2.1環境空氣質量Ambient Environmental Quality85
2.2.2地表水環境質量Surface Water Environmental Quality86
2.2.3聲環境質量Noise Environmental Quality86
2.2.4其他Others86
2.3化工企業三廢污染控制Chemical Industrial Enterprise Wastes Pollution Control86
2.3.1大氣污染控制Air Pollution Control 86
2.3.2工藝廢水污染控制Process Wastewater Pollution Control86
2.3.3固體廢物污染控制Waste Solid Pollution Control88
2.3.4噪聲污染控制Noise Pollution Control88
2.4大氣污染物擴散Air Pollutant Dispersion88
2.4.1煙羽形態The Shapes of Stack Plumes88
2.4.2局地環流對大氣污染的影響Effects of Atmospheric Circulation in Localized Areas on Air Pollution89
2.4.2.1海陸風對沿岸地帶空氣污染的影響Effect of Ocean Wind and Land Wind on Air Pollution in Coast-Land89
2.4.2.2熱島效應Heat Island Effect89
2.5固體廢棄物處理Waste Solid Treatment89
2.5.1安全填埋場Security Landfill Disposal Site89
2.5.2焚燒廠Incineration Plant90
2.6污染物治理措施Pollution Control Facility 91
2.6.1廢氣治理措施Waste Gas Treatment91
2.6.1.1VOCs 吸收工藝流程圖VOCs Absorption Process Flow Diagram91
2.6.1.2蓄熱式氧化器工藝流程簡圖Simplified Process Flow Diagram of RTO91
2.6.1.3廢氣流化床吸附工程示意圖Fluidized Bed Adsorption of Waste Gas 91
2.6.1.4廢氣催化氧化處理工藝Waste Gas Catalyzed Oxidation Process Diagram 92
2.6.1.5袋式除塵器Bag Dust collector 92
2.6.1.6濕式除塵器Wet Collector 93
2.6.1.7氨法脫硫工藝Process Flow Diagram Of De-SO2 With Ammonia 94
2.6.1.8氨法選擇性催化氧化還原工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram of SCR with Ammonia 94
2.6.1.9尿素選擇性非催化氧化還原工藝流程圖Process Flow Diagram of SNCR with Urea 95
2.6.2多效蒸發繫統Multi-effect Evaporation System95
2.6.3重點污染防治區防滲結構圖示Special Important Pollution Prevention and Control Area Penetration Prevention Structure Diagram96
2.6.4噪聲控制措施Noise Control Facility96

3消防、安全和職業衛生Fire Fighting,Safety and Occupational Health97
3.1消防繫統流程圖Flow Diagram of Fire Fighting System97
3.1.1水噴淋典型流程圖Typical Flow Diagram of Water Sprinkler System97
3.1.2泡沫消防典型流程圖Typical Flow Diagram of Foam Extinguishing System97
3.1.3氣體滅火繫統典型流程圖Typical Flow Diagram of Gas Extinguishing System98
3.1.4干粉滅火繫統典型流程圖Typical Flow Diagram of Dry Chemical Extinguishing System98
3.2消防設備Fire Fighting Equipment99
3.2.1消防車Fire Truck99
3.2.1.1泡沫消防車Foam Fire Truck99
3.2.1.2干粉消防車Dry Powder Fire Truck99
3.2.1.3水罐消防車Water Fire Truck100
3.2.1.4直臂雲梯車Straight Arm and Scaling Ladder Truck100
3.2.2消防泵Fire Pump101
3.2.3泡沫滅火設備Foam Extinguishing Equipment102
3.2.3.1泡沫液儲罐Foam Storage Tank102
3.2.3.2混合器及比例混合繫統Proportioners and Proportioning Systems103
3.2.3.3泡沫*Foam Monitor104
3.2.3.4拖車式泡沫比例混合裝置Proportioning Foam Trailer105
3.2.3.5泡沫產生器Foam Generator/Maker105
3.2.3.6泡沫噴頭Foam Nozzle106
3.2.3.7泡沫*Foam Nozzle106
3.2.4消火栓Fire Hydrant107
3.2.5消防水泵接合器Fire Pump Connection108
3.2.6消防水*Fire Water Monitor108
3.2.7電控消防水*Electric Monitor109
3.2.8消防接口和悶蓋Fire Quick Coupling and Cap109
3.2.8.1管牙接口Quick Coupling109
3.2.8.2肘接口Elbow Coupling109
3.2.8.3進水口悶蓋Water Inlet Cap110
3.2.8.4出水口悶蓋Water Outlet Cap110
3.2.9滅火器Fire Extinguisher110
3.2.9.1推車式干粉滅火器Wheel Dry Powder Extinguisher 110
3.2.9.2手提式干粉滅火器Portable Dry Powder Extinguisher111
3.2.9.3手提式二氧化碳滅火器Portable Carbon Dioxide Extinguisher 111
3.2.9.4手提式泡沫滅火器Portable Foam Extinguisher111
3.2.10消防水帶Fire Hose111
3.2.11滅火劑Fire Extinguishing Agent112
3.2.11.1清水Water112
3.2.11.2泡沫液Foam Concentrate（or Concentrate）112
3.2.11.3干粉Dry Powder112
3.2.11.4鹵代烷Halogenated Agent112
3.2.11.5二氧化碳Carbon Dioxide（CO2）112
3.2.11.6氮氣Nitrogen（N2）112
3.3安全設備Safety Equipment112
3.3.1呼吸器Breathing Apparatus112
3.3.2防護服Chemical Suit112
3.3.3其他安全設備Other Safety Equipment113
3.3.3.1防護手套Gloves113
3.3.3.2口罩Gauze Mask113
3.3.3.3面罩Mask113
3.3.3.4安全帽及防護屏Safety Helmet and Face Shields113
3.3.3.5耳罩及耳塞Earmuffs and Earplugs113
3.3.3.6安全帶和安全繩Safety Belt and Safety Ropes113
3.3.3.7防護眼鏡Protection Spectacles114
3.3.3.8防護鞋Protection Shose114
3.3.3.9急救箱First Aid Box114
3.3.3.10滅火毯Fire Blanket 114
3.3.3.11事故淋浴洗眼器Safety Shower and Eye Washer114
3.3.3.12便攜式事故淋浴洗眼器Portable Emergency Eye Washer115

4成套設備Package Equipment116
4.1空分設備Air Separation Unit116
4.1.1冷箱Cold Box116
4.1.2變壓吸附制氮裝置/真空變壓吸附制氧裝置PSA Nitrogen Generation Unit/VPSA Oxygen Generation Unit117
4.1.3膜分離制氮裝置Membrane Module Nitrogen Generation Unit117
4.2制冷機Refrigerator118
4.2.1制冷裝置Refrigeration Unit118
4.2.2輔助設備Auxiliary Equipments118
4.3低溫冷箱Cryogenic Cold Box120
4.3.1CO分離CO Separation120
4.3.2液氮洗Nitrogen Wash121
4.4冷卻塔Cooling Towers121
4.4.1自然通風冷卻塔Natural Draft Cooling Tower121
4.4.2橫流冷卻塔Crossflow Cooling Tower122
4.4.3逆流冷卻塔Counterflow Cooling Tower122
4.5過濾器Filter123
4.5.1壓力過濾器Pressure Filter123
4.5.2重力無閥過濾器Gravity Valveless Filter123
4.6雙室浮動陽（陰）離子交換器Double Chamber Floating Cation （Anion）Exchanger124
4.7逆流再生陽（陰）離子交換器Countercurrent Regeneration Cation （Anion）Exchanger125
4.8順流再生陽（陰）離子交換器Concurrent Regeneration Cation （Anion） Exchanger125
4.9混合離子交換器Mixed Ion Exchanger126
4.10反滲透膜元件Reverse Osmosis Membrane126
4.11脫氣塔Degassing Tower127
4.12微孔曝氣器Fine Bubble Diffusion Aerator127
4.13轉刷曝氣機Brush Aerator128
4.14表面曝氣機Surface Aerator128
4.15火炬Flare Stacks129
4.15.1火炬繫統Flare System129
4.15.2火炬頭Flare Tip131
4.15.3地面火炬Multi-point Ground Flare132
4.16輸送機和提升機Conveyor and Elevator133
4.16.1帶式輸送機Belt （Band） Conveyor133
4.16.1.1帶式輸送機示意圖Belt Conveyor Sketch133
4.16.1.2帶式輸送機繫統Belt Conveyor Systems133
4.16.1.3帶式輸送機部件Belt （Band） Conveyor Components135
4.16.1.4拼裝式皮帶輸送機和移動式皮帶輸送機Pre-built Sectional Belt Conveyor and Mobile Belt Conveyor138
4.16.1.5裙狀擋板大傾角帶式輸送機Skirt Side Plate Inclined Belt Conveyor139
4.16.1.6雙帶提升機Twin Riser140
4.16.1.7中心距超過180m的單輪傳動帶式輸送機用的張緊裝置Take-up Unit for Single Drum Drive Belt Conveyor Exceeding 180 Meters Centres140
4.16.1.8雙輪傳動帶式輸送機的張緊裝置Take-up Unit for Dual Drum Dive Belt Conveyor141
4.16.2垂直提升（輸送）機Vertical Elevator （Conveyor）141
4.16.2.1鬥式提升機Bucket Elevator141
4.16.2.2垂直提升機和箱類提升機Vertical Rising Conveyor and Case Elevator142
4.16.3埋刮板式輸送機En Masse Conveyor143
4.16.4螺旋輸送機Screw Conveyor143
4.16.5輥子輸送機Roller Conveyor144
4.16.6弔掛式鏈輸送機和振動輸送機Chain Trolley Conveyor and Vibrating Conveyor145
4.16.6.1弔掛式鏈輸送機Chain Trolley

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